Rehab: How does it work and which 4 phases do you have to go through?

Rehab is the entire process of quitting addictive substances and restoring mental and physical health. It involves medical, psychological, and social challenges to overcome dependency and develop a healthy lifestyle.

According to Jellinek, approximately 2 million people in the Netherlands are addicted or misuse an addictive substance and could benefit from rehab.

You go through several phases to begin, starting with recognizing the problem. Then comes detoxification to cleanse the body and addressing the underlying issues that led to the addiction. Finally, ongoing aftercare helps prevent relapse.

A rehab clinic is not always necessary, but it can be essential, especially in severe cases. Important treatments include individual and group therapy, medication to ease withdrawal symptoms, and life skills training.

Withdrawal symptoms are often a major challenge. They range from mild to life-threatening and sometimes require medical intervention to ensure safety.

Addiction has a profound impact on the individual and their surroundings, leading to social, financial, and health problems.

How Do You Start Rehab for Addictive Substances?

Starting rehab for addictive substances requires professional help. Managing cravings and addressing underlying causes is crucial. It’s important to understand that the process consists of multiple steps. The first steps include consulting a doctor or specialist and possibly joining a rehab program, either inpatient (clinical) or outpatient (ambulatory).

Commitment to sobriety and developing new, healthy habits are fundamental to the recovery process, but rehab can be challenging, and attempts to quit can be dangerous without proper medical supervision. That’s why it’s important to be prepared and take the necessary steps to recover safely and effectively.

The first step on the road to recovery is recognizing the problem and having a conversation with a professional, such as a general practitioner, for a referral if needed.

What Are the 4 Phases of the Rehab Process?

Rehab involves going through several phases, with rehabilitation steps in drug addiction, according to Georgakas, P. (2010), including changes in thinking, lifestyle, social skills, work skills, peer collaboration, and organizing leisure time.

The 4 phases of the rehab process are as follows:

1. Acknowledge the Problem: Recognizing that an addiction exists is crucial.
2. Start Detoxification: Cleansing the body of addictive substances under medical supervision.
3. Address Underlying Issues: Identifying and treating psychological, emotional, or social challenges.
4. Maintain Recovery with Aftercare: Ongoing support and therapy to prevent relapse.

Going through these phases is essential for a successful recovery process. Each phase focuses on specific aspects of addiction and recovery, emphasizing learning new skills, addressing underlying issues, and developing effective coping strategies.

1. Acknowledge the Problem

The first phase of recovery is acknowledging the problem. This is crucial in the fight against addiction as it lays the foundation for all further recovery steps. Without recognizing the issue, a person remains in denial, significantly reducing the chances of successful recovery.

According to Cournoyer, L., Brochu, S., Landry, M., & Bergeron, J. (2007), acknowledging the problem is important in drug rehabilitation because dropout rates are a significant issue, with the highest dropout rates occurring in drug rehab programs.

Acknowledgment helps increase motivation for treatment and can serve as a preventive measure to limit further harm. Recognizing addictive behaviors early—such as spending large amounts of money on substances, withdrawing from family and social circles, neglecting responsibilities, and experiencing physical and emotional distress—can lead to an earlier and more effective recovery process.

It is important to understand that addiction issues are complex and can vary in intensity and manifestation from person to person. Recognizing the signs of addiction requires a certain level of self-awareness and a willingness to seek professional help.

2. Start Detoxification

Detoxification is the process of cleansing the body of harmful substances such as drugs and alcohol. This phase is crucial in addiction recovery as it addresses physical dependence on the addictive substance. Detoxification removes toxic residues from the system, paving the way for further treatment focused on the psychological aspects of addiction.

It is important to undergo detoxification in a professional setting, as this ensures both safety and success. Withdrawal symptoms can be dangerous and often require medical supervision. Medical detox, which involves using medication to manage withdrawal symptoms, increases the chances of a successful transition to a drug-free life.

The duration of detoxification can vary depending on several factors, such as the severity of the addiction and the substances used. A comprehensive medical assessment is essential to determine the most suitable detox method. Some individuals may benefit from a gradual reduction in substance use, while others may need to stop abruptly, always under medical supervision.

According to research by Kornør and Waal (2005), therapeutic detoxification has a higher success rate (48%) compared to non-therapeutic detoxification (22%). This highlights the importance of a well-managed detox phase as a key component of successful addiction recovery.

Detoxification prepares individuals for further treatment by cleansing the body and increasing the likelihood of a successful transition to a drug-free life. It is a crucial step that must be followed by a comprehensive treatment program addressing both the physical and psychological aspects of addiction.

3. Address Underlying Issues

Underlying issues are complex factors that contribute to the development and maintenance of addictive behavior, including psychological, social, and biological influences. Addressing these problems is crucial in the recovery phase of addiction.

According to Stolerman (1992), addressing underlying issues in drug use requires a focus on drug-seeking behavior, the underlying behavioral and neural mechanisms, and the environmental cues conditioned to its effects. This approach involves a comprehensive evaluation to identify contributing individual factors and treats both the addiction and its root causes through a combination of therapies.

Effective treatment includes individual cognitive behavioral therapy, group therapy, and family support, focusing on improving coping skills and increasing resilience to stress. Recognizing past trauma that contributes to addictive behavior and addressing dual diagnoses are essential aspects of recovery.

Holistic treatment approaches integrate practices that promote overall mental well-being, including medication, continuous aftercare, and recovery programs. These methods help prevent relapse, reduce the likelihood of returning to substance use, alleviate addiction-related symptoms, and improve overall quality of life.

4. Maintain Recovery with Aftercare

Aftercare is a crucial phase in addiction recovery, focused on maintaining the progress made during treatment and preventing relapse. It involves regular participation in therapy, both individually and in groups, and provides support in handling daily challenges and managing triggers.

Aftercare helps individuals apply their newly learned skills in real-life situations, offers a safe environment to refine these techniques, and ensures a structured approach to maintaining sobriety.

Participation in aftercare programs is essential for reducing the risk of relapse.

Research by Lash, S., Burden, J., Monteleone, B., & Lehmann, L. (2004) in Addictive Behaviors shows that social reinforcement of participation in aftercare group therapy leads to reduced alcohol consumption and higher abstinence rates after six months. This highlights the importance of a supportive social network and the positive impact of group therapy on recovery.

Further research by Brown, B., O’Grady, K., Battjes, R., & Farrell, E. (2004) in The American Journal on Addictions indicates that aftercare is also particularly important in reducing drug use. Optimism or pessimism about the future and religious observance are significant predictors of substance use. This underscores that aftercare plays a key role in the recovery process by not only focusing on avoiding substance use but also addressing an individual’s overall mindset and lifestyle.

Aftercare is therefore an indispensable part of long-term addiction recovery, helping individuals sustain their progress, prevent relapse, and develop a better quality of life.

Is Rehab in a Clinic Necessary?

A rehab clinic is a specialized medical facility that provides support for people addicted to alcohol, drugs, or other addictive substances. These clinics offer a wide range of treatments, including medically supervised detox, individual and group therapy, and programs focused on managing triggers and preventing relapse. Rehab clinics come in different forms, such as outpatient treatment, where the patient lives at home while attending sessions regularly, and inpatient programs, where the patient stays at the clinic for a set period.

Whether rehab in a clinic is necessary depends on the severity of the addiction, the individual’s specific needs, and whether previous attempts to quit have been successful. For some people with severe addictions or those who have repeatedly failed to quit on their own, a stay in a rehab clinic can be crucial. These clinics provide a safe environment, away from access to substances, and offer specialized medical care to manage physical withdrawal symptoms. Additionally, they provide access to professionals who can address the underlying causes of addiction, such as mental health disorders.

In general, rehab clinics offer the best chance of recovery for individuals with severe addictions or those who require specific medical or psychological care.

What Can You Expect from the Rehab Process in a Clinic?

The addiction treatment process in a rehab clinic typically begins with an intake assessment to determine individual needs and the required level of care. Depending on the nature and severity of the addiction, detoxification may follow, with medical supervision to safely remove addictive substances and manage withdrawal symptoms. After detox, a personalized treatment plan is developed, incorporating both individual and group therapy sessions. These sessions often use cognitive behavioral therapy and other behavioral approaches to develop coping mechanisms.

A typical week in the clinic includes a mix of therapy, skills training, educational classes, and workshops focused on relapse prevention, stress management techniques, and overall health care. Patients gain insight into the psychological aspects of addiction, receive support in building a sober lifestyle, and work toward their personal goal

An essential part of the process is preparing for life after rehab. This includes establishing sober living arrangements, securing employment, and building a strong support network.

What Different Rehab Programs Can You Follow?

There are two main types of rehab programs: inpatient and outpatient treatment.

Inpatient Treatment requires patients to stay at a facility, providing 24-hour supervision and intensive care, typically suited for severe addictions.

Outpatient Treatment offers more flexibility, allowing patients to live at home while maintaining their daily responsibilities. This approach is generally suitable for mild to moderate addictions and includes regularly scheduled therapy sessions, such as individual or group therapy, or a combination of both.

The choice between these rehab programs depends on several factors, including the severity of the addiction, the presence of co-occurring disorders, the need for medical supervision, and the ability to maintain a supportive home environment.

What Are the Costs of Rehab in a Clinic?

The costs of rehab in a clinic vary widely. The price depends largely on the type of treatment: inpatient or outpatient. Inpatient programs are generally more expensive due to the intensive care and accommodation provided. The duration of treatment also plays a key role—the longer the stay, the higher the cost.

Typical expenses include therapy, medication, detoxification, and aftercare programs. Insurance often covers part of the cost, but coverage varies by policy. Some clinics offer sliding scale fees based on income, as well as payment plans and financing options.

Additional costs may arise from lost income during treatment, travel expenses, and potential hidden fees for specialized services or activities. It is essential to clarify in advance what is included and what is not.

What Are the Main Treatment Methods for Alcohol and Drug Addiction?

The most effective treatment methods for alcohol and drug addiction combine cognitive-behavioral therapy, pharmacotherapy, motivational interviewing, and motivational training. According to Krzysztofiak, M., & Kusztal, J. (2023) in their study “Combined Methods in Addiction Psychotherapy,” these approaches are highly effective in addiction therapy. They help individuals identify and change negative behavior patterns, improve motivation, and develop skills to manage stress and prevent relapse.

Treatments range from outpatient care to intensive, clinically supervised programs where patients stay in a treatment facility. Medications such as naltrexone are used to reduce withdrawal symptoms and manage opioid cravings. Motivational interviewing enhances engagement in treatment, while cognitive-behavioral therapy helps patients recognize and address thoughts and behaviors that lead to substance use.

Group therapy provides a supportive environment where individuals can learn from others’ experiences, while family support is crucial for maintaining long-term recovery. Complementary and holistic approaches, such as art therapy or mindfulness, are often integrated with traditional treatments to address specific needs.

Aftercare and ongoing support programs, such as Alcoholics Anonymous or Narcotics Anonymous, are vital for maintaining sobriety. Treatments for co-occurring disorders, which address both mental health conditions and addiction, are also essential, as they help tackle the root causes of addiction and improve overall quality of life.

What Are the Biggest Challenges of Alcohol Addiction?

One of the biggest challenges of alcohol addiction is recognizing and admitting the problem. Many individuals deny their addiction, delaying the process of seeking help. Alcohol addiction, a chronic condition, alters brain function and affects how pleasure is experienced, making it difficult to quit despite serious health risks. Managing cravings and impulses to drink, especially in the early stages, requires strong willpower and professional support. Withdrawal symptoms can be potentially dangerous, making careful medical supervision essential.

The widespread availability of alcohol and its societal acceptance make avoiding triggers and maintaining sobriety more difficult. Additionally, alcohol abuse leads to severe physical health problems, including liver disease, heart conditions, and cognitive impairments, significantly reducing quality of life.

What Are the Biggest Challenges of Drug Addiction?

The biggest challenges of drug addiction include recognizing and admitting the problem, which is often delayed by denial. This complicates the process of seeking help. Because addiction is a chronic condition, long-term—sometimes lifelong—treatment and support are often necessary. Managing withdrawal symptoms, intense cravings, and triggers is particularly challenging in the early stages.

Addiction affects both mental and physical health, with potentially dangerous consequences. It also leads to social and personal difficulties, including damaged relationships and stigma, which can prevent individuals from seeking professional help.

What Are the Biggest Challenges of Behavioral Addiction?

One of the biggest challenges of behavioral addiction is the lack of recognition and understanding. Unlike substance addictions, behavioral addictions—such as gambling, shopping, or excessive internet use—are often not officially recognized as diagnoses. This makes it difficult for individuals to acknowledge the severity of their situation and seek the necessary help.

The constant presence of triggers in daily life, such as stores or online platforms, makes avoiding temptations and preventing relapse especially challenging.

What Withdrawal Symptoms Can You Experience During Rehab?

The most common withdrawal symptoms include anxiety, restlessness, irritability, mood swings, nausea, vomiting, sweating, tremors, insomnia, sleep disturbances, headaches, muscle pain, high blood pressure, fatigue, depression, cravings for the substance, and difficulty concentrating.

The severity and duration of withdrawal symptoms vary depending on the type of substance, the length of use, and an individual’s physiology and mental health. In particularly severe cases, withdrawal can lead to potentially dangerous symptoms such as seizures, hallucinations, and delirium tremens.

Medical supervision is recommended for individuals undergoing detox to ensure safety and manage the severity of symptoms. A medically supervised detox can help reduce withdrawal symptoms and protect overall health.

What Is the Impact of Addiction on Society?

Addiction also has a significant impact on society. It leads to higher healthcare and law enforcement costs. Addiction increases the likelihood of property crimes and violent offenses, raising the demand for police intervention and judicial resources.

Public safety is affected by addiction due to a rise in accidents, including those caused by driving under the influence. Academic performance declines, influencing the future economic contributions of young individuals. Addiction places a significant burden on families, leading to financial struggles and emotional strain. Society bears high costs for treating addiction-related health issues, such as infectious diseases from intravenous drug use.

Do Family Members of an Addict Also Need Support During Rehab?

Yes, the family of an addict also needs support during this process. It is essential that they have access to help and guidance to cope with the emotional and practical consequences of their loved one’s addiction

There are various ways to provide support to family members. Support groups offer a safe and encouraging environment where they can share experiences and learn from one another.

Addiction does not only affect the individual but also their loved ones. Family members often experience stress, anxiety, and uncertainty, making emotional and psychological support crucial.

Is Rehab Care Abroad as Good as in the United States?

When choosing a rehab program in the US or abroad, the quality of care depends on various factors. In some countries, the quality of care can be just as good or even better than in the United States, but this is not always the case. It is important to check whether the facility is accredited and recognized by reputable organizations. These accreditations ensure that a facility meets certain standards for care and treatment.

Local licenses and accreditations are crucial as they help verify that the treatment center meets the necessary quality standards. In some countries, healthcare standards may be significantly lower than in the US, which can impact the effectiveness of treatment. Thorough research into the facility and its treatment programs is therefore essential.

Choosing a rehab clinic abroad can offer benefits such as greater anonymity, potentially lower costs, and a change of environment that some people find beneficial for their recovery. However, challenges such as language barriers, cultural differences, and being far from a support network can present significant drawbacks.

Can you help someone go to rehab against their will?

It is very difficult to help someone go to rehab against their will. Rehab requires motivation and the person’s own willingness; coercion is rarely effective and can cause harm. It is important to focus on offering support and information, rather than coercion.

A compassionate approach, where treatment options are explained and the benefits of recovery are emphasized, is crucial. The final decision to seek help rests with the individual. Adults cannot be forced into rehab unless they pose an immediate danger to themselves or others.

How Many People Use Drugs?

According to the 2021 Drug Report from the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, an estimated 17.4 million young adults (ages 15-34) in Europe used drugs in the past year, representing 16.9% of the population. Drug use is most common among young adults, with men using drugs twice as often (21.6%) as women (12.1%).

Research from the Trimbos Institute shows that 12.5% of students have used cocaine at least once. Among school students aged 12-16, 48% have consumed alcohol, 17% have smoked, 10% have used cannabis, and 2% have experimented with MDMA (XTC).

Drug withdrawal is challenging due to the physical and psychological dependence drugs can cause, along with withdrawal symptoms and brain changes that make recovery more difficult. Successful drug rehab often requires medical assistance and psychological support.

How Many People Consume Alcohol?

According to the 2022 Health Survey, 77.5% of Dutch adults drink alcohol, with 6.5% classified as excessive drinkers and 8.3% as heavy drinkers.

The addictive nature of alcohol is influenced by how it affects the brain’s reward system, leading to repeated use and, eventually, dependence. Seeking professional help and support is crucial when quitting alcohol to manage withdrawal symptoms and achieve a successful recovery.

Is Voluntary Admission Common, or Does Forced Admission Also Occur?

Voluntary admission to a rehab clinic is more common, as motivation and personal commitment are essential for successful recovery. However, forced admission does occur, especially for individuals who pose a danger to themselves or others. This often happens through a court order. Voluntary admission allows for greater personal choice and engagement in the recovery process, while forced admission is usually aimed at ensuring immediate safety and stabilization.